NASA’s Roman Observatory Passes Spate of Key Tests
NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is making significant progress towards its anticipated launch, currently scheduled for May 2027. Recently, the outer portion of the telescope successfully completed rigorous vibration and acoustic testing, which are crucial for ensuring the structure can withstand the intense conditions of a rocket launch. The testing involved simulating the extreme sounds and vibrations that the telescope will encounter during its ascent into space. For instance, during the acoustic test, the outer assembly was subjected to sounds reaching up to 138 decibels—comparable to the roar of a jet engine at takeoff. This was followed by vibration tests on a massive shaker table, which replicated the lower-frequency vibrations experienced during launch. These assessments are vital for validating the integrity of the telescope’s design and ensuring its functionality once in orbit.
In addition to the outer assembly’s tests, the inner portion of the Roman Space Telescope underwent a comprehensive 65-day thermal vacuum test. This phase was essential for evaluating how the telescope and its instruments perform under the extreme temperatures of space, ranging from the cold of deep space to the heat of direct sunlight. Over 200 engineers and scientists participated in this extensive testing, marking the first time the telescope and its instruments were operated together. With both components nearing completion, the team plans to integrate them in November, forming a complete observatory by year’s end. The Roman Space Telescope is set to play a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of dark energy, exoplanets, and the broader field of astrophysics, making it one of NASA’s most significant upcoming missions.
As the project progresses towards its launch at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the excitement within the scientific community grows. The Roman Space Telescope is not only a testament to NASA’s engineering prowess but also a beacon of hope for groundbreaking discoveries in the universe. With contributions from various NASA centers and industrial partners, the mission embodies a collaborative effort to push the boundaries of our cosmic knowledge. For more information on this exciting mission and its implications for the future of astronomy, visit NASA’s dedicated page for the Roman Space Telescope.
NASA’s nearly complete Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope has made another set of critical strides toward launch. This fall, the outer portion passed two tests — a shake test and an intense sound blast — to ensure its successful launch. The inner portion of the observatory underwent a major 65-day thermal vacuum test, showing that it will function properly in space. As NASA’s next flagship space telescope, Roman will address essential questions in the areas of dark energy, planets outside our solar system, and astrophysics.
The inner portion of NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (which consists of the telescope, instrument carrier, two instruments, and spacecraft) recently passed thermal vacuum testing. In this photo, the assembly is being lifted out of the Space Environment Simulator after completing 65 days of assessments.
Credit: NASA/Jolearra Tshiteya
“We want to make sure Roman will withstand our harshest environments,” said Rebecca Espina, a deputy test director at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. “From a mechanical standpoint, our heaviest loads and stresses come from launch, so we use testing to mimic the launch environment.”
The vibration and acoustic testing were the final round of launch simulations for the outer portion of the Roman observatory, which consists of the outer barrel assembly, deployable aperture cover, and recently
installed
flight solar panels.
During acoustic testing, a large chamber with gigantic horns emulated the launch’s thunderous sounds, which cause high-frequency vibrations. Test operators outfitted the chamber and assembly with various sensors to monitor the hardware’s response to the sound, which gradually ramped up to a full minute at 138 decibels — louder than a jet plane’s takeoff at close range!
After moving to a massive shaker table, Roman’s outer assembly went through testing to replicate the rocket launch’s lower-frequency vibrations. Each individual test lasts only about a minute, sweeping from 5 to 50 hertz (the lowest note on a grand piano vibrates at 27.5 hertz), but NASA engineers tested three axes of movement over several weeks, breaking up the tests with on-the-spot data analysis.
Like in acoustic testing, the team installed sensors to capture the assembly’s response to the shaking. Structural analysts and test operators use this information not only to evaluate success but also to improve models and subsequent assessments.
“There’s a real sense of accomplishment when you get a piece of hardware this large through this test program,” said Shelly Conkey, lead structural analyst for this assembly at NASA Goddard. “I am proud of the work that our team of people has done.”
The outer portion of NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (which consists of the outer barrel assembly, deployable aperture cover, and solar panels) recently passed vibration and acoustic testing. The structure is shown here in the acoustic testing chamber at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., where it was blasted with intense sound to simulate launch conditions.
Credit: NASA/Jolearra Tshiteya
The core portion of the observatory (the telescope, instrument carrier, two instruments, and
spacecraft bus
) moved into the
Space Environment Simulator
test chamber at NASA Goddard in August. There, it was subjected to extreme temperatures to mimic the chill of space and heat from the Sun. A team of more than 200 people ran simulations continuously for more than two months straight, assessing the telescope’s optics and the assembly’s overall mission readiness.
“The thermal vacuum test marked the first time the telescope and instruments were used together,” said Dominic Benford, Roman’s program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “The next time we turn everything on will be when the observatory is in space!”
Following extensive assessments, the core portion of NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope was removed from the test chamber (as shown in this gif) and returned to the largest clean room at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. Next, it will be prepped for final integration.
Credit: NASA/Sophia Roberts
The team expects to connect Roman’s two major parts in November, resulting in a complete observatory by the end of the year. Following final tests, Roman will move to the launch site at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida for launch preparations in summer 2026. Roman remains on schedule for launch by May 2027, with the team aiming for as early as fall 2026.
The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is managed at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, with participation by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California; Caltech/IPAC in Pasadena, California; the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore; and a science team comprising scientists from various research institutions. The primary industrial partners are BAE Systems Inc. in Boulder, Colorado; L3Harris Technologies in Rochester, New York; and Teledyne Scientific & Imaging in Thousand Oaks, California.
For more information about the Roman Space Telescope, visit:
https://www.nasa.gov/roman
By Laine Havens and Ashley Balzer
NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center
, Greenbelt, Md.
Media contact:
Claire Andreoli
NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.
301-286-1940
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Last Updated
Nov 25, 2025
Editor
Ashley Balzer
Contact
Ashley Balzer
ashley.m.balzer@nasa.gov
Location
Goddard Space Flight Center
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